Types of Inheritance in Python

Hello Python geeks, In this guide, we are going to learn all about types of inheritance in Python along with examples.
Inheritance is the most important part of Object-Oriented Programming. If you are not familiar with Python inheritance, Then I will recommend you, please read our previous Python inheritance tutorial and then continue it.

In this guide, we will see all about types of inheritance in Python using various examples, so that you can clear with types of inheritance in Python.

Before going through this article, we will see a brief description of Python inheritance. To understand this article, you should have knowledge of Python class and object.

Python Inheritance

Inheritance in Python provides a facility to create a new class (drived class or child class ) using another class (base class or parent class ). The Newly created class has the authority to access or inherit all the properties and methods from the existing class.

Inheritance is basically used for reusability. That means you don’t need to write the same code again and again.

Here we will see a simple example to understand Python inheritance, and after we will go through types of inheritance in Python.

Example:

class Person:	
	#Constructor
	def __init__(self, first_name, last_name):
		self.first = first_name
		self.last = last_name
			
class Student(Person):	
	#method
	def fullName(self):
		print(f"My name is {self.first + ' ' + self.last}.")
				
s1 = Student('Vishvajit', 'Rao')
s1.fullName()

Output

My name is Vishvajit Rao.

In above example, we have created a class Student using Person. Student class inherit all the properties ( first and last ) from the Person class.

Let’s see Types of Inheritance in Python one by one along with examples.

Types of Inheritance Python

There are four types of Inheritance in Python that are described below using their examples.

Single Inheritance:

Single Inheritance in Python allows the derived class to inherit all the properties and methods from the single parent class.

Example:

class Computer:

	#Constructor
	def __init__(self, name):
		self.laptop_name = name
		
class Laptop(Computer):

	#Method to find laptop name
	def Name(self):
		print(f'laptop name is:- {self.laptop_name}')
		
		
l1 = Laptop('Lenovo')
l1.Name()

l2 = Laptop('HP')
l2.Name()

Output

laptop name is:- Lenovo
laptop name is:- HP

Multiple Inheritance:

Multiple Inheritance in Python allows a class can be derived from more than one class. This type of class is called multiple inheritances.

Example:

class Father:	
	#Constructor
	def __init__(self, fname):
		self.father_name = fname
				
class Mother:
	#Constructor
	def __init__(self, mname):
		self.mother_name = mname
		
		
class Child(Father, Mother):

    def __init__(self, fname, mname):
        Father.__init__(self,fname)
        Mother.__init__(self,mname)
        
    def Parent(self):
        print(f"My father name is:- {self.father_name}\nMy mother name is:- {self.mother_name}")

c1 = Child('John', 'Ammy')
c1.Parent()

Output

My father name is:- John
My mother name is:- Ammy

Multilevel Inhritance:

Multilevel inheritance in Python allows us to create a child class or derived class using another child class or derived class. Basically in Multilevel inheritance, each derived class will be the parent class of another.

Example:

class Grandfather:
	def __init__(self, grandfathername):
		self.grandfather_name  = grandfathername
		
		
class Father(Grandfather):
    def __init__(self, fathername, grandfathername):
        self.father_name = fathername
        Grandfather.__init__(self, grandfathername)
		
class Son(Father):

	def __init__(self, myname, fathername, grandfathername):
		self.my_name = myname
		Father.__init__(self, fathername, grandfathername)		
		
	def myDetails(self):
		print(f"My Name is:- {self.my_name}")
		print(f"My Father is:- {self.father_name}")
		print(f"My Grandfather is:- {self.grandfather_name}")


s1 = Son('Vishvajit', 'Rajesh', 'ABC')
s1.myDetails()	

Output

My Name is:- Vishvajit
My Father is:- Rajesh
My Grandfather is:- ABC

Hierarchical Inheritance:

Hierarchical inheritance in Python allows us to create more than one derived class from using one single base class. This type of inheritance is called hierarchical inheritance.

Example:

class Parent:
	def func1(self):
		print("This is the base class")
		
class Child1(Parent):
	def func2(self):
		print("This is the child1 class")
		
class Child2(Parent):
	def func3(self):
		print("This is child2 class")
		
		
c1 = Child2()
c1.func3()
c1.func1()

print("---------")
c1 = Child1()
c1.func2()
c1.func1()

Output

This is child2 class
This is the base class
---------
This is the child1 class
This is the base class

Hybrid Inheritance:

Inheritance consisting multiple type of inheritance is called hybrid inheritance.

Example:

class Parent:
	def func1(self):
		print("This is the base class")
		
class Child1(Parent):
	def func2(self):
		print("This is the child1 class")
		
class Child2(Parent):
	def func3(self):
		print("This is child2 class")
		
		
class Child3(Child1, Child2):
	def func4(self):
		print("This is child4 class")
		
		
class Child4(Child1):
	def func5(self):
		print("This is child5 class")
	
		
		
c1 = Child2()
c1.func3()
c1.func1()

print("---------")
c2 = Child1()
c2.func2()
c2.func1()

print("------")

c3 = Child3()
c3.func4()
c3.func1()
c3.func3()

print("------")
c4 = Child4()
c4.func5()
c4.func2()

Output

This is child2 class
This is the base class
---------
This is the child1 class
This is the base class
------
This is child4 class
This is the base class
This is child2 class
------
This is child5 class
This is the child1 class

Conclusion

So, In this article, you have learned all about types of inheritance in Python along with examples. I hope you don’t have any confusion regarding the types of Python inheritance.

Python inheritance is the most important concepts of Object-Oriented Programming, so if you want to learn OOPs in Python, Then you can’t ignore this.

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I hope you have cleared will types of inheritance in Python.

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